Space Expansion

Whenever we talk of the expanding space, we do not have difficulty mentally imagining it. We naturally envisage a continuous increase of Cartesian distance in 3-space (that is, volume), starting from the zero or the “origin.” Furthermore, we do not have difficulty imagining an un-ending, infinite, expansion.

Larson's crucial discovery that space, time, and motion are quantized demands a re-examination of our common sense (Cartesian) view of the expansion of space. Since there would be a minimum quantity of space from the natural reference viewpoint, S_nat, we are not justified in envisioning the expansion of space as commencing from the Cartesian origin/zero—it rather commences from S_nat. In other words, the effective origin (of the expansion) is a spherical surface of radius S_nat—not the Cartesian zero point.

The next question is what happens when we cross this sphere of radius S_nat and go inside? The effective (physical) origin of the “expansion” is uniformly distributed on the entire inside of this spherical surface. Let us call this the “distributed origin.” There is still expansion but this expansion appears as a radial contraction to us (the Cartesian observers).

There are two important consequences of this fact, namely, that the “origin” of motion in the inside region is not zero but uniformly distributed over the inside surface of the sphere of radius S_nat.

Firstly, all radial directions, from any point on the `spherical origin' toward the center of the Cartesian frame are totally equivalent. They become scalar from the point of view of the Cartesian observer.